Evren Kucuk, Sevtap Guney, Ayse Akman-Karakas, Erkan Alpsoy and Ertan Yilmaz
Background: Congenital melanocytic naevi (CMN) are present at birth or they develop during the first year of life. In the literature, there is no study prospectively determining the prevalence and dermoscopic patterns of CMN among 0-12 months old infants. There is no data about its frequency in Turkish population. Dermoscopic diagnostic criteria for CMN are not clear. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of CMN in our region and to define their dermoscopic properties. Methods: 4289 consecutive infants aged between 0 and 12 months, admitted to pediatric outpatient clinics of Akdeniz University Hospital were included in this study. Infants were first examined by a pediatrician and those with naevi were consulted to a dermatologist. Lesions of CMN were evaluated with camerated dermatoscopy device and images were recorded to a computer. Results: CMN were detected in 0,5% (n:20) of cases. Lower extremity was the most common location (60%), followed by scalp (15%), trunk (10%), upper extremity (10%) and more than one location (5%). Naevi diameter was 1.5-20 cm in 11 cases, smaller than 1,5cm in seven cases and greater than 20cm in two cases. In dermoscopic examination dot structure (n:18) and globular pattern (n:15) were mostly observed. Other findings included multifocal hypopigmentation pattern (n:6), reticular pattern (n:4), homogeneous pattern (n:4), cobblestone pattern (n:2), and parallel furrow pattern (n:1). Conclusion: This is the first prospective study to determine the prevalence and dermoscopic patterns of CMN among 0-12 months old infants admitted to a pediatric outpatient clinic. The frequency of CMN in our region is similar with some of the previous studies. Our Dermoscopic results support that CMN appearing in younger ages is more often characterized by a globular pattern and dot structure.
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