Sergio Cundari
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a common and severe condition characterized by a sudden decline in kidney function, often resulting in high morbidity and mortality. Early detection of AKI is crucial for improving patient outcomes, yet traditional diagnostic methods, primarily based on serum creatinine levels, are often delayed and inadequate. This review explores recent advancements in the identification and validation of novel biomarkers for the early detection of AKI. We discuss the biological roles of these biomarkers, their clinical utility, and the challenges associated with their implementation in routine clinical practice. The review highlights promising biomarkers such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and interleukin-18 (IL-18), which have shown potential in detecting AKI at earlier stages, thereby enabling timely interventions. These novel biomarkers could revolutionize AKI management by providing more sensitive and specific tools for early diagnosis.
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