Journal of Nanosciences: Aktuelle Forschung

Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxic Effectof Cinnamon and Clove Mediated Gold Nanoparticles Based Mouthwash: An in vitro Study

Abstract

Swornappan Mithra, S Rajesh Kumar, Pratibha Ramani

Background: Nanotechnology is a new science that deals with the development of nanoparticles with various chemical compositions and sizes, as well as their application in health science for human benefit. We evaluated antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens and cytotoxicity using Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay of cinnamon and clove mediated gold nanoparticles based mouthwash.

Objective: The objective of the study is to evaluate antimicrobial activity and cytotoxic effect of cinnamon and clove mediated gold nanoparticles based mouthwash through an in vitro study.

Materials and methods: A total of 80 mL of 1 mm Gold chloride in distilled water were added to 20 ml of plant formulation. The active agent added was gold (III) chloride. In addition, a 0.3 gms of sodium lauryl sulfate, 0.3 gms of sucrose and 0.001 gms of sodium benzoate was added to formulate a mouthwash. Then this mouthwash was evaluated for its antimicrobial activity with estimating the zone of inhibition against oral pathogens and cytotoxic effect evaluated using Brine Shrimp Lethality assay (BSLA).

Results: Cinnamon and clove mediated gold nanoparticles were synthesized. Gold nanoparticles were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope and were 525 nm in diameter. Brine Shrimp Lethality was done and the cytotoxicity of theses gold nanoparticles was found to be increasing with increasing concentration of the administered gold nanoparticles. The ZOI was noticed the highest with streptococcus mutants showing 42 mm of ZOI at 100 μl, while the lowest ZOI for Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus showing 36 mm at 100 μl. The nauplii alive at 5 μl were 7, which was the highest and the lowest was 1 nauplii alive at 80 μl.

Conclusion: There was dose based cytotoxicity with cinnamon and clove mediated gold nanoparticles, so the study concludes that assessing the safety levels is critical prior to administering nanoparticles for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes.