Zeitschrift für Bioingenieurwesen und biomedizinische Wissenschaft

Data correlations of computer, table, and software real world implementations of useful and popular diving models are warranted for surety, testing, reproducibilty, and safety. Model correlations are of broad interest across the diving community and the focus of this communication. Permissible supersaturation is a fundamental model element for correlation and we analyze four popular ones, namely the USN, ZHL16, VPM, RGBM model permissible supersaturations within model dynamical constraints. Correlations are obtained in statistical likelihood analysis from computer profile records with DCS outcomes in the Los Alamos National Laboratory Data Bank (LANL DB). Permissible supersaturations, limited by model staging constraints varying across depths, times, and gas mixtures, are quantified for the four models. Parameters and risk functions useful to estimate profile risk are also obtained. To correlate and fit data, a modified Weibull-Levenberg-Marquardt routine is employed across 2994 computer downloaded (only) profile records with 23 cases of DCS in nitrox, trimix, and heliox deep and decompression diving. The routine is useful for low probability (low−p) data usually encountered in the diving accident arena. Model agreement with data is χ2 significant as follows, using the logarithmic likelihood ratio of data set to fit set:

USN-(χ2=0.081)

ZHL16-(χ2=0.131)

VPM-(χ2=0.717)

RGBM-(χ2=0.861)

LANL DB computer profiles exhibit very low DCS prevalence and correlate well with the deep stop models, VPM and RGBM, and further manned testing is always welcome. This correlation suggests that dive computers, software and tables based on deep stop models like VPM and RGBM can safely be used by sport and technical divers. The shallow stop models, USN and ZHL, have, of course, been used safely in computers, tables, and software for decades while deep stop models are fairly new on the diving scene.

Mass spectrometry (MS) has become a powerful technology in the discovery and development of protein therapeutics in the biopharmaceutical industry. This review article describes the two main types of mass spectrometry methods for determining the protein structure. Further the role of tandem mass spectrometry in diagnostics has also been highlighted. Mass spectrometry based proteomics is a central life science technology that has realized great progress towards identification, quantification and characterization of the proteins that constitute a proteome.

Hair loss (Alopecia) is regarded as the most distressing side effects of chemotherapy in cancer patients. A reduction in cutaneous cell metabolism as a response to the hypothermia could simply make hair follicles less susceptible to drug damage with subdural cooling. In this study, a detailed three-dimensional finite element of human head model is used to investigate the changes in cutaneous blood flow due to heat transfer during the cooling process. Our finite element model consists of scalp, skull (trabecular and cortical bones), all meningeal layers, flax, tentorium, and the brain. Cooling effect was investigated in three different regions of frontal, superior and occipital of the head. The results showed that frontal region is the most sensitive region during cooling, because of the highest contact area between the scalp and the coolant. In order to keep the normal brain condition, the coolant temperature must not be lower than 2°C. It’s also recommended to keep the coolant temperature in range of -5°C to 7°C. With the constant coolant temperature, the results showed different steady state temperatures in different anatomical regions. It is therefore expected to design a new scalp cooling cap to provide site-dependence temperature with respect to different head regions for optimum heat transfer.

It has recently been shown that gait speed has an effect on multi-segment foot kinematics. To increase our understanding of these effects, it is critical to compare and develop a database of walking speed ranges. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of walking speed on multi-segment foot kinematics. A 12-camera Vicon motion capture system was used to collect kinematic data on 22 participants (mean age: 23 ± 2.6 years). Participants were asked to walk at 5 gait speeds; very slow, slow, free, fast, and very fast. Across speeds, significant differences were found in all absolute angles, 6 of 9 relative mean maximum angles, 11 of 13 timing to the maximum angles, and all temporal-spatial variables analysed. These findings suggest that clinical gait data that uses multi-segment foot models should be matched to a control group walking at a similar speed.

The majority of the population in developing countries uses plants or plant preparations in their basic health care. Many plant species have been proved to have antimicrobial activity. Lots of the antibiotics had been at the beginning derived from micro-organisms even as the chemotherapeutic agents are from vegetation. Together with other dosage varieties, natural drugs are additionally formulated within the type of ointment. An ointment is a viscous semisolid preparation used topically on a variety of body surfaces. Thus, the main objective of the present study is to formulate and evaluate a polyherbal ointment with antimicrobial activity. Ointments were formulated using methanolic extracts (by continuous hot percolation-soxhlation) of Shatavari, Terminalia chebula and were evaluated for its physicochemical properties. The methanolic extracts of the chosen plants were taken in specific ratio randomly and the antimicrobial tests of the combinations had been applied. Ointments were all set making use of special concentrations of the extracts with the aid of fusion procedure utilizing emulsifying ointment as a base. Formulations had been then tested for its physicochemical properties like loss on drying, pH, spread ability, extrudability and gave satisfactory results. Probably the most powerful mixture used to be then determined via evaluating the results of the zone of inhibition given through distinct extract ratios on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus of antimicrobial undertaking against various gram positive and gram terrible. The entire formulations confirmed predominant recreation against selected species. The formulations are found to be very efficacious in all the parameters which has conducted and also found enhance antimicrobial property. Overall result of this study reveals that this is an effective polyherbal antimicrobial ointment.

This article illustrates the Design and Characterization of Mucoadhesive microspheres with Famotidine Hydrochloride as drug for Gastro-Retention of drug release. The microspheres were prepared by the Ion Gelation method and Thermal Cross Linking Method. In Ion Gelation method sodium alginate is used as a release controlling biopolymer and Calcium chloride is acts as hygroscopic cross linking agent. In Thermal Cross Linking Method egg albumin is used as binding agent and a Thermal energy is used as cross linking property. The characteristics like shape and structure of prepared microspheres by Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. In vitro drug release studies were done and drug release was evaluated. Effect on the Mucoadhesion, drug Entrapment Efficiency of microspheres and Drug release were observed. The prepared microspheres exhibited prolonged drug release (17 hrs) the mean particle size increased as the concentration of sodium alginate increased, as the egg albumin concentration increases the Mucoadhesion increased and the drug release rate decreased at higher concentration of sodium alginate. Significant effect of the Encapsulation Efficiency of microspheres was observed. In vitro studies demonstrated the Gastro retentive delivery of drug from the microspheres.

In the present study, the leaf of Cassia roxburghii and its powder were subjected to pharmacognostic evaluation in terms of macroscopic and microscopic evaluation. The powdered drug was subjected to extraction with various solvents such as petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous extract by successive maceration. The methanolic and aqueous leaf extracts exhibited reducing power compared with ascorbic acid at similar concentrations. Based on the biochemical estimation of serum marker enzymes and histological study, all the extracts showed hepato protective activity and the maximum activity was seen in methanol extract at 200 mg/kg. The order of activity Me200>aq200>Me400>Aq400.

This Research article mainly based on the introduction of oral mucositis.Mucositis is the painful inflammation and ulceration of the mucous membranes lining the digestive tract, usually as an adverse effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment for cancer. Mucositis can occur anywhere along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, but oral mucositis refers to the particular inflammation and ulceration that occurs in the mouth. Oral mucositis is a common and often debilitating complication of cancer treatment. There are different stages involved in the oral mucositis ,oral mucositis is mainly due to the post chemo-treatment in the cancer.There are several drugs used in the cancer treatment which causes a lot of side effects and of that oralmucositis is one and the drug used below to cure oral mucositis is chlorhexidine mouth wash and it plays a vital role in the treatment of oral mucositis.The safety and efficacy of the drug is clearly demonstrated by comparison with the rest of the drugs in the market.

This paper describes, to monitor the signals of ECG, body temperature, heart rate are measured and given to ARM controller. Through GSM/GPRS modem updated parameters are sending directly to the doctor’s mobile phone/nearby hospital web portal doctor can also query about the human health through GSM by SMS. In addition to that if elderly people need to operate any electrical devices, can help them by providing RF Remote control. At abnormal conditions buzzer or voice message will alert the disabled and elderly person. When the fall is detected GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) modem transmits these events to the mobile phones of care takers/relatives of the fallen human. This alert message helps to provide immediate assistance and treatment.