Aynias Seid and Nega Berhane
Genetic engineering is a thoughtful modification process of animal’s genome using recombinant-DNA technology for generating transgenic animals. Transgenic animals are genetically altered animals having the desired traits. Genetically engineered animals have a significant medical application for human healthcare by making the transgenic animal models of human disease for studying of gene function; manufacturing of transplant organs; and production of safe and complex recombinant human protein-based drug, blood and vaccine products with higher expression and low cost for the treatment and prevention of human disease. The first two commercially accessible therapeutic agents isolated from the milk of transgenic animals are C1 esterase inhibitor (Ruconest®) and anti-thrombin III (ATryn®), which encourages that a novel recombinant protein will be created and become available for practical use in the near future. So that, transgenic animals will provide a pharmacological revolution for discovery and development of drugs, clinical trials of xeno-transplant human organs or xenotransplantation that will be the unchoice option to diminish the growing gap between demand and severe shortage of appropriate organs for recipient human patients with serious organ failure. In this context, the principal objective of this review paper was to assessed the current challenges and future perspectives of transgenic animals in medical biotechnology for human healthcare, and also address the question: What potential benefits and risks are in the creation of transgenic animals in the real world?
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