Zeitschrift für Textilwissenschaft und -technik

Reusing polyester/cotton blend fabrics for composites offers an innovative and sustainable approach to materials engineering and recycling. These blended fabrics, typically composed of a combination of polyester and cotton fibers, are abundant in various textiles, from clothing to household linens. By repurposing these materials for composite applications, we can not only divert textile waste from landfills but also harness the unique properties of both polyester and cotton to create composite materials with a balance of strength and flexibility. Polyester contributes high tensile strength and resistance to moisture and chemicals, making it a valuable component in composite fabrication. Cotton, on the other hand, brings natural breathability and comfort to the blend. When these fabrics are recycled and processed into composite materials, the resulting composites inherit a combination of these attributes. They can be tailored to exhibit specific properties, depending on the intended application, such as lightweight yet robust components in automotive or construction, or even eco-friendly panels in interior design.

The effect of fabric compaction and yarn waviness on 3D woven structures is a topic of significant importance in textile engineering and advanced composite materials. In the context of 3D weaving, fabric compaction refers to the degree to which the layers of woven fabric are compressed or compacted during the manufacturing process. Yarn waviness, on the other hand, pertains to the inherent curvature or bending of yarns within the woven structure, which can occur due to various factors, including the weaving process itself. Fabric compaction plays a crucial role in determining the mechanical properties of 3D woven materials. When the fabric layers are tightly compacted, it can lead to increased material density and improved interlayer bonding. This, in turn, enhances the structural integrity and stiffness of the final 3D woven composite. However, excessive compaction can also result in reduced permeability, making it challenging for resin to impregnate the fabric during the composite manufacturing process.

New natural cellulose fabrics represent a remarkable convergence of sustainability and performance in the textile industry. These fabrics, derived primarily from plant-based sources like wood pulp or bamboo, exhibit a unique structure and a range of exceptional properties. At their core, these fabrics consist of cellulose fibers, which boast a highly ordered crystalline structure interspersed with amorphous regions. This intricate nanostructure imparts remarkable qualities to these textiles. They are renowned for their biodegradability, making them a sustainable choice in an era of increasing environmental consciousness. Furthermore, natural cellulose fabrics excel in moisture absorption, ensuring wearers stay comfortable by wicking away perspiration and allowing breathability, making them particularly suitable for warm and humid climates. Additionally, they are often hypoallergenic, offering gentleness to sensitive skin, and in some cases, exhibit inherent antibacterial properties. As sustainable fashion and eco-friendly materials gain prominence, these new natural cellulose fabrics stand at the forefront, showcasing the potential of natureinspired textiles that balance structure and properties to meet the demands of both consumers and the planet.

The compressibility of carbon woven fabrics is a critical attribute that plays a pivotal role in their applications across a wide spectrum of industries, from aerospace engineering to advanced composites in automotive and sporting goods. This unique property stems from the intricate arrangement of carbon fibers within the fabric structure, giving rise to a material that can withstand significant compressive forces while maintaining its structural integrity. Carbon woven fabrics are primarily composed of carbon fibers, which are inherently strong and possess high stiffness properties. These fibers are skillfully woven into a fabric using various techniques, such as plain weave or twill weave, to create a three-dimensional network. This intricate arrangement not only imparts exceptional tensile strength to the fabric but also endows it with remarkable compressibility characteristics. One of the most significant advantages of carbon woven fabrics is their ability to undergo substantial compression without buckling or collapsing. This property is especially advantageous in applications where materials need to endure compression forces, such as in the design and manufacturing of advanced composites for aircraft components, automotive parts, or even in the construction of high-performance sporting equipment like tennis rackets and bicycles.

Jute as very unique natural bast and its industrial manufacturing started in India from around 1855. Till then jute processing machinery and the processing system progressed very slowly. Presently jute fibre/yarn used in several diversified products other than food grain packaging bag. To improve the quality of jute yarn a study has been carried out in a jute mill where the quality of jute yarn produced by usual finisher card (fitted with roll former) is compared with quality of yarn produced by the draw head fitted finisher card system. As two types of draw head systems are available presently, total three process are compared based on yarn quality produced by them.

It is found that draw head plays an important role on jute yarn quality in comparison to simple finisher card with roll former system. Specially the yarn produced by L make draw head system shows uniform controlled average sliver weight, lower sliver and yarn CV% better evenness and higher minimum yarn strength in yarn.

Traditional drawing frames are used for regular jute yarn, now-a-days by using draw heads in jute mills will improve the quality of the output sliver. This sliver is producing regular and fine jute yarn with higher tensile strength, work of rupture, breaking elongation and quality ratio and count variation percentage. The produced modified yarn was also more regular and uniform comparing to the traditional drawing frame.

From ancient times India is known as the land of opportunities and the abundant amount of natural resources one of the major reason behind this opportunities. The agriculture and handloom industry remain mean as dominant employment sectors from long time and even in the age of industrialization they retain their positions has major employment providing sectors successfully, the excessive attraction towards the industrialisation and technology are considered as major threats to the handloom industry. The handloom industry have the potential providing the employment to over 13 million weavers and this factor makes it as largest cottage industry in the country, simultaneously the employment provided by it is second largest economic activity next to agriculture. The importance given to power loom industry is creating handsome of problems in the handloom industry and it's survival in this modern era is a major question because of large number of issues it is facing such as hike in the yarn prices, lack of proper infrastructure, treating as secondary source next to power loom and many others. In India, the Guntur district, which is once known as hub of Handloom industry, is now facing the problem of lack of raw materials, marketing problem and many others, a lot of research have been carried out over the years to find out an appropriate solution to protect the handloom industry and give hope to the weavers for its survival. This article highlights the importance of handloom industry in terms of employment as well as the root-cause analysis for finding the major issues related to it which helps to regain its lost glory.

Water and oil repellent finishing is done on cotton fabric by pad-dry baking process. The influences of baking temperature, baking time, pH value and concentration of finishing liquid on water and oil contact angle of fabric are analyzed. The result shows that the optimized water/oil repellent finishing process of cotton fabrics is as follows: The concentration of finishing agent is 30 g/L, pH value is 6.67, pick up rate is 80%, and the baking time is 8 minutes under 140. After finishing, the oil and water contact angle of the cotton fabrics can reach up to 143.33 degrees and 134 degrees respectively and at this time the finishing effect is the best. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) reveals that after water and oil repellent finishing, the surface of the cotton fiber becomes smooth, the finishing agent has good film-forming ability and it has better water and oil repellent performance.