Global Journal of Technology and Optimization

The work consists of two phases. The rest phase of the work aims at ending out the optimized value of the fraction used in fractional filtering for image enhancement techniques in digital image processing. The work is done on MATLAB platform. The work starts with a comparative study of fractional order filter and integer order kernel filter like Sobel and Prewitt filter, used for edge detection and boundary detection of various digital images. With the view of applying fractional filtering in medical images, the work is done by utilizing Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The noise performances of these filters are analyzed upon the addition of random Gaussian noise. The Mean Square Error (MSE) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) of the detected images are adopted as evaluation methods for comparison. The visual comparison of the filter capability in medical image enhancement is presented in this project. It has been proved that fractional filter outperforms integer order filter. In the second phase fractional filtering with the optimized value of the fraction is utilized for the detection of Alzheimer disease (AD) from MRI scan of the brain. Based on MSE and PSNR optimized value for the fraction used in fractional filtering is found out to be 0.5. The fractional filter with fraction equal to 0.5 is used to detect Alzheimer’s disease. This could progressively help in understanding and treating Alzheimer’s disease.

Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) is critical. As such, there are many routing protocols that have been proposed over the years. Each routing protocol has weaknesses and strengths. Currently, much of research on routing protocols in MANETs concentrates on literature reviews, performance comparison and proposition of new protocols. However, there has been very little or no attempt to examine the possibility of combining several routing protocols for effective routing in MANET. By highlighting the characteristics, strengths and weaknesses of eight routing protocols selected from the Flat Routing, Hierarchical/hybrid Routing, and Geographical Position Assisted Routing protocols, this article attempts to establish whether different routing protocols in MANETs can be combined for effective routing. A hypothetical situation that uses a combined Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) and Location-Aided Routing (LAR) for cluster networking is used for the sake of the proposition. This paper refers to such protocol as ZRP-LAR driven. According to the findings from the literature review on MANETs routing protocols, this study establishes that it is possible to combine more than one routing protocols in MANETs to achieve effectiveness in packets transmission.

Since four decades ago, Steel plate shear wall-SPSW- is a new system resistant to against lateral loads, which has attracted the attention of researchers and designers because of its numerous advantages. The behavior coefficient which has direct dependence on the reflection coefficient is in one way or another based on the period or the natural period of vibration of the resistant system, and considering the short life of this system, there has been no serious study on its period, and in ASCE 7 code, this system has been referred to other systems. In this study, the natural period of vibration of different frames and variant number of floors is examined for thin steel plate shear wall, the results of linear and nonlinear analyses -are compared, and then empirical relationships are presented. Moreover, the effects of connection type and different openings on the period degree of this system were being examined.

The results supported the appropriateness of the offered empirical relationship in ASCE 7 code for short and midframes of thin steel plate shear wall in ASCE 7 code; however, it seems that the empirical relationship of tall frames should be increased twice.