Umwelt- und analytische Toxikologie

Optimal Nitrogen Management Techniques for Cacao Nursery Production Using Sensor-Based Smart Agriculture

Abstract

Irfana Khan

Given the difficulties posed by nutrient run-off, reducing fertilizer costs and ensuring environmental sustainability are crucial issues. In order to accomplish these objectives, smart technologies like optical sensors are absolutely necessary. This study used optical sensor technology to monitor the chlorophyll content of cacao samples taken in a nursery setting to determine the most effective fertilizer regime. The slow-released fertilizer 8N-3P-9K was applied at 15 grams, 15 grams (supplemented with +15 grams applied twice), 15 grams (+15 grams), 30 grams (+15 grams applied twice) and 45 grams (+15 grams applied twice). Over the course of six months, the plant height, number of leaves, total nitrogen of leachate samples and the total nitrogen and total carbon contents of the leaf and soil samples were evaluated. Chlorophyll content was measured using optical sensors like atLEAF, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and soil plant analysis development (SPAD). The findings indicate that cocoa plants can be supplied with the necessary nutrients and runoff contamination at a lower rate when nitrogen fertilizer is applied less frequently. Through nutrient run-off, using 45 (plus 15 g applied twice) results in additional pollution. This study demonstrates the significance of handheld sensor technology in determining the most effective nitrogen management practices for fruit nurseries to reduce fertilization overuse, save money and reduce pollution in the environment at the same time.